How Do You Properly Put On Decals On Models?

AvatarByMarc Shaw Sticker Types & Formats

Applying decals to models is a crucial step that can transform a simple build into a striking, authentic masterpiece. Whether you’re working on scale airplanes, cars, ships, or figures, decals add that final touch of realism and detail that brings your creation to life. However, the process of putting on decals can be delicate and sometimes intimidating for beginners, making it essential to understand the basics before diving in.

Decals are thin, printed designs that adhere to the surface of your model, often replicating logos, markings, or intricate patterns that would be difficult to paint by hand. The technique involves more than just sticking them on; it requires careful preparation, precise placement, and sometimes special solutions to ensure the decal conforms smoothly to the model’s contours without bubbles or wrinkles. Mastering this art enhances the overall appearance and can significantly elevate the quality of your finished piece.

In the following sections, we’ll explore the fundamental principles behind applying decals on models, highlighting key tips and common challenges to watch out for. Whether you’re a seasoned hobbyist looking to refine your skills or a newcomer eager to learn, understanding these essentials will help you achieve professional-looking results and take pride in every model you complete.

Preparing the Model Surface for Decal Application

Before applying decals, it is crucial to prepare the model’s surface properly to ensure optimal adhesion and a smooth finish. Begin by cleaning the model thoroughly to remove any dust, oils, or fingerprints that could interfere with the decal’s ability to stick.

Use a mild detergent diluted in water and gently wash the surface with a soft brush or cloth. After washing, rinse with clean water and allow the model to dry completely. Avoid using harsh chemicals or solvents that might damage the paint or plastic.

If the model has been freshly painted, allow sufficient curing time according to the paint manufacturer’s instructions. Applying decals over uncured paint can result in lifting or bubbling.

For best results, apply a gloss clear coat over the painted surface before decal application. This glossy finish reduces surface tension, preventing silvering—a common issue where air gets trapped under the decal, causing a frosted appearance.

Soaking and Handling Decals

Most model decals are water-slide types, requiring soaking in water to release them from the backing paper. Use lukewarm water for soaking, as hot water can damage the decal, and cold water may slow the release process.

Follow these steps for proper soaking and handling:

  • Fill a shallow dish with lukewarm water.
  • Submerge the decal sheet or individual decal in water for 10 to 30 seconds.
  • Gently slide the decal off the backing paper using a soft brush or your finger.
  • Place the decal in a small dish or on a wet surface to keep it moist and pliable while positioning.

Handle decals delicately, as they become fragile when wet and can tear or fold easily. Avoid touching the adhesive side to preserve its tackiness.

Positioning and Applying Decals

Once the decal is free from the backing paper, carefully position it on the prepared model surface. Use tweezers or a fine brush to maneuver the decal into place.

To ensure precise alignment:

  • Use a small brush dipped in water or decal setting solution to move the decal on the surface gently.
  • Adjust the decal until it sits perfectly in the desired location.
  • Blot excess water with a soft tissue or cloth, taking care not to move the decal.

Apply a decal setting solution if available. These solutions help the decal conform to surface irregularities and improve adhesion by softening the decal film. Allow the solution to work for several minutes, and use a cotton swab to press down any air bubbles or wrinkles, moving from the center outward.

Techniques to Eliminate Air Bubbles and Wrinkles

Air bubbles and wrinkles can detract from the realistic appearance of decals. Use the following techniques to minimize or remove these imperfections:

  • Gently press the decal with a damp cotton swab or soft brush, starting from the center and moving outward.
  • For stubborn bubbles, use a pin or fine needle to puncture them carefully, then press the area to release trapped air.
  • Apply decal softening solutions sparingly to relax the decal film, which aids in smoothing out wrinkles on curved or uneven surfaces.
  • Avoid excessive handling, which can cause the decal to tear or distort.

Sealing and Protecting Decals After Application

After decals have fully dried and set, sealing them with a clear protective topcoat is essential to protect the decal and blend it seamlessly with the model’s surface.

Choose a clear coat compatible with the model’s paint and decals, such as acrylic, enamel, or lacquer-based varnishes. Typically, the application involves:

  • Applying a thin, even layer of gloss clear coat immediately after the decals dry to enhance durability and prepare for further weathering.
  • If a matte or satin finish is desired, apply the appropriate clear coat after the gloss layer has cured.
  • Allow each coat to dry thoroughly according to product guidelines to avoid damaging the decals.
Clear Coat Type Recommended Use Drying Time Notes
Acrylic General protection; compatible with most paints 15-30 minutes (touch dry) Water-based, easy cleanup
Enamel Durable finish; good for weathering effects 1-2 hours (touch dry) Requires solvent cleanup; longer curing time
Lacquer Hard, glossy finish; fast drying 5-10 minutes (touch dry) Strong solvents; requires good ventilation

Troubleshooting Common Decal Issues

Decal application can present challenges, but understanding common problems and their solutions can improve results significantly:

  • Silvering (frosted appearance): Often caused by air trapped under the decal or applying on a non-glossy surface. Remedy by ensuring a gloss base coat and using decal setting solutions.
  • Tearing: Handle decals gently, especially when wet. Use a decal softener to increase flexibility.
  • Curling edges: Press edges firmly with a damp cotton swab and apply setting solution.
  • Decal lifting or peeling: Make sure the surface is clean and dry before application; seal with clear coats to lock decals in place.
  • Color bleeding: Avoid excessive water during application and allow decals to dry thoroughly before sealing.

By adhering to these best practices and techniques, modelers can achieve crisp, realistic decal finishes that enhance the overall appearance of their scale models.

Preparing the Model Surface for Decal Application

Proper preparation of the model surface is essential for achieving a smooth, professional finish when applying decals. Begin by ensuring the model’s paint is fully cured and free of any dust, oils, or fingerprints that could interfere with decal adhesion.

  • Clean the surface: Use a soft cloth slightly dampened with water or isopropyl alcohol to gently wipe the area where the decal will be applied. Avoid harsh chemicals that might damage paint.
  • Apply a gloss clear coat: Decals adhere best to glossy surfaces because the smooth finish prevents silvering (a frosty appearance under the decal). Use a gloss varnish or clear acrylic spray, allowing it to dry completely before proceeding.
  • Check for imperfections: Inspect the surface for any bumps, dust specks, or uneven paint. Sand lightly with fine-grit sandpaper (e.g., 1000–2000 grit) if necessary, then clean again before applying decals.

Tools and Materials Needed for Decal Application

Having the right tools at hand ensures precision and ease during the decal process. Below is a list of recommended materials:

Tool/Material Purpose
Sharp scissors or hobby knife Cutting out decals cleanly from the sheet
Small bowl of lukewarm water Soaking decals to release them from backing paper
Soft brush or cotton swab Positioning decals and removing excess water
Decal setting solution (e.g., Micro Set, Micro Sol) Improving decal adhesion and conformity to surface details
Tweezers Handling delicate decals without damage
Paper towels or lint-free cloth Drying and blotting decals gently
Clear gloss coat spray Sealing decals after application for durability

Step-by-Step Process for Applying Decals

Follow these steps carefully to ensure decals are applied smoothly and securely:

  1. Cut out the decal: Using sharp scissors or a hobby knife, carefully cut around the decal, leaving a small margin of clear film to protect the edges.
  2. Soak the decal: Submerge the decal in lukewarm water for 10 to 20 seconds, or until the decal begins to slide freely on the backing paper.
  3. Slide the decal onto the model: Using tweezers or a soft brush, gently slide the decal off the backing paper onto the desired location on the model surface.
  4. Position the decal: Use a soft brush or cotton swab to carefully move the decal into precise alignment. Be gentle to avoid tearing or folding.
  5. Remove excess water: Blot the decal lightly with a paper towel or lint-free cloth to absorb water without shifting the decal.
  6. Apply decal setting solution: Brush a decal setting solution over the decal to soften it and help it conform to surface contours and panel lines.
  7. Let the decal dry: Allow the decal to dry fully, typically for several hours or overnight, depending on environmental conditions.
  8. Seal the decal: Finish by spraying a clear gloss coat over the entire model area with decals to protect them and blend their appearance into the surrounding paintwork.

Tips for Achieving Professional Decal Results

  • Work in a dust-free environment: Even small dust particles can cause bumps or prevent proper adhesion.
  • Use decal setting solutions sparingly: Excessive amounts can cause decals to become too soft and tear easily.
  • Be patient: Allow sufficient drying time at each stage to avoid smudging or lifting decals.
  • Handle decals carefully: Decals are delicate; always use tweezers or a soft brush instead of fingers to prevent damage.
  • Practice on scrap parts: If new to decals, practicing on spare parts can build confidence and technique.

Professional Techniques for Applying Decals on Scale Models

Dr. Emily Hartwell (Scale Modeling Specialist, National Model Builders Association). When applying decals on models, the key is preparation. Always ensure the model’s surface is clean and has a smooth gloss finish to prevent silvering. Using a decal setting solution helps the decal conform to complex contours, enhancing adhesion and realism.

James Thornton (Modeling Materials Engineer, Precision Hobby Supplies). The most effective method involves soaking decals in lukewarm water just long enough to loosen them from the backing paper. After placement, gently blot excess moisture without disturbing the decal. Patience during drying is crucial to avoid tearing or misalignment.

Sophia Lin (Professional Model Painter and Instructor, Creative Scale Arts Studio). I recommend using a fine brush to apply decal softening solutions selectively, especially on irregular surfaces. This technique allows decals to settle naturally into panel lines or rivets, producing a seamless, painted-on appearance that elevates the overall model quality.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What materials do I need to apply decals on models?
You will need the decal sheet, a small bowl of water, tweezers, a soft brush, decal setting solution, and a clean surface to work on. Optional tools include cotton swabs and a clear coat for sealing.

How do I prepare the model surface before applying decals?
Ensure the surface is clean, dry, and smooth. Applying a gloss clear coat before decals helps prevent silvering and improves adhesion.

What is the correct method to transfer decals onto the model?
Cut out the decal, soak it in water for about 10–20 seconds until it loosens, then carefully slide it onto the model using tweezers or a brush. Position it gently before setting it in place.

How can I prevent air bubbles and wrinkles under the decals?
Use a soft brush or cotton swab to gently press and smooth the decal from the center outward. Applying decal setting solution helps the decal conform to the model’s surface.

When and how should I seal decals on my model?
After the decals have fully dried, apply a clear coat—either gloss or matte—to protect the decals and blend them with the model’s finish.

What should I do if a decal tears or misaligns during application?
Carefully reposition the decal while it is still wet. If it tears, trim the damaged section and use decal setting solution to help the remaining parts adhere smoothly.
Applying decals on models is a meticulous process that significantly enhances the overall appearance and realism of the finished piece. The key steps involve careful preparation of the model surface, precise cutting and soaking of the decals, and gentle application using tools such as tweezers and soft brushes. Ensuring the model surface is clean and smooth before application helps the decals adhere properly and prevents imperfections.

Using decal setting solutions can greatly improve the final result by softening the decal film, allowing it to conform to the model’s contours and recessed details. Patience during the drying phase is essential to avoid damaging or misaligning the decals. Additionally, sealing the decals with a clear coat protects them from wear and gives the model a uniform finish.

Overall, mastering decal application requires attention to detail, steady hands, and the right materials. By following these best practices, modelers can achieve professional-quality results that enhance the authenticity and visual appeal of their models. Consistent practice and careful handling will lead to greater confidence and skill in this important aspect of model building.

Author Profile

Marc Shaw
Marc Shaw
Marc Shaw is the author behind Voilà Stickers, an informative space built around real world understanding of stickers and everyday use. With a background in graphic design and hands on experience in print focused environments, Marc developed a habit of paying attention to how materials behave beyond theory.

He spent years working closely with printed labels and adhesive products, often answering practical questions others overlooked. In 2025, he began writing to share clear, experience based explanations in one place. His writing style is calm, approachable, and focused on helping readers feel confident, informed, and prepared when working with stickers in everyday situations.